Oral Manifestations of Sjögren’s Syndrome: Recognition, Management, and Interdisciplinary Care

<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Sjögren's syndrome (SS) causes destructive salivary gland dysfunction with substantial oral morbidity. To synthesize practical, evidence-based approaches for early recognition, initial oral management, and timely referral to dental care. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: Narrative review of English-language literature from the Web of Science Core Collection and PubMed, prioritizing systematic reviews, randomized trials, and consensus guidelines. <i>Results</i>: Early oral signs include rapid multifocal root and cervical caries, burning sensations, and rising dental treatment needs. Unstimulated whole saliva ≤ 0.1 mL/min supports significant hypofunction and complements the 2016 ACR/EULAR criteria. Preventive care should combine dietary counseling, salivary stimulation, and topical remineralization. Adjuncts include high-fluoride toothpaste, biomimetic hydroxyapatite dentifrices, and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP). However, evidence for fluoride varnish in SS remains mixed. Pharmacologic sialogogues require screening for contraindications. <i>Conclusions</i>: Embedding oral screening, simple salivary metrics, and a structured referral pathway into rheumatology visits can reduce preventable tooth loss and improve comfort, function, and treatment adherence.

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Publication Details

Journal
Medicina
Published
2025-12-19
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina62010005
Primary Topic
Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions
Type
article
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article

Oral Manifestations of Sjögren’s Syndrome: Recognition, Management, and Interdisciplinary Care

S. Liu, Malcolm Koo, Ming‐Chi Lu
Medicina
Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions
article

Oral Manifestations of Sjögren’s Syndrome: Recognition, Management, and Interdisciplinary Care

S. Liu, Malcolm Koo, Ming‐Chi Lu
article en

Abstract

<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Sjögren's syndrome (SS) causes destructive salivary gland dysfunction with substantial oral morbidity. To synthesize practical, evidence-based approaches for early recognition, initial oral management, and timely referral to dental care. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: Narrative review of English-language literature from the Web of Science Core Collection and PubMed, prioritizing systematic reviews, randomized trials, and consensus guidelines. <i>Results</i>: Early oral signs include rapid multifocal root and cervical caries, burning sensations, and rising dental treatment needs. Unstimulated whole saliva ≤ 0.1 mL/min supports significant hypofunction and complements the 2016 ACR/EULAR criteria. Preventive care should combine dietary counseling, salivary stimulation, and topical remineralization. Adjuncts include high-fluoride toothpaste, biomimetic hydroxyapatite dentifrices, and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP). However, evidence for fluoride varnish in SS remains mixed. Pharmacologic sialogogues require screening for contraindications. <i>Conclusions</i>: Embedding oral screening, simple salivary metrics, and a structured referral pathway into rheumatology visits can reduce preventable tooth loss and improve comfort, function, and treatment adherence.

MedicinaVol. 62(1)
University of Toronto (CA), Tzu Chi University (TW), Tzu Chi Foundation (TW), Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital (TW), Hualien Tzu Chi Medical Center (TW), Public Health Ontario (CA), Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation (US)
Openalex Percentile: Top 49%
Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions
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Oral Manifestations of Sjögren’s Syndrome: Recognition, Management, and Interdisciplinary Care — S. Liu, Malcolm Koo, et al. · Medicina (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS