Vibration Suppression Analysis of Spatial Pipelines with Viscoelastic Damping Layer Based on the Topology Optimization

Under the premise of a certain damping layer volume, topological optimization design of its attach shape can enable a pipeline system to achieve optimal damping performance. This paper proposes a topology optimization method for vibration reduction in spatial pipelines with damping layers based on a finite element model. A parametric modeling approach is developed for the clamp-supported spatial pipeline with viscoelastic damping layer, and both clamp-support damping and damping layer material damping are considered. Using the progressive optimization method, an optimization model is established with the modal loss factor of the pipeline system as the objective function, the existence state of each damping layer element as the design variable, and the material volume as the constraint. Further, a case study is conducted. The correctness of the dynamic model is verified by hammer and frequency sweep tests. The optimization results indicate that retaining only 30% of the damping layer volume reduces weight by 70%, while vibration attenuation performance decreases by merely 2.46% compared to the fully coated configuration, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed topology optimization approach.