Incidence of Community-acquired Pneumonia and Herpes Zoster in People With HIV Based on CD4 Count and Age in the Current Antiretroviral Therapy Era: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

Incidence rates are the highest in PWH with CD4 counts ≤200 cells/μL and/or not on ART, whereas PWH with CD4 counts ≥500 and ≥1 year on ART have a risk of CAP and HZ comparable to that of the general population. These findings support aligning vaccine recommendations for PWH on long-term suppressive ART with immune reconstitution with those for the general population, while HIV-specific vaccination strategies may remain most relevant for individuals with virological failure and/or poor immune reconstitution.

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Publication Details

Journal
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Published
2025-12-13
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf686
Primary Topic
Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
Type
article
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article

Incidence of Community-acquired Pneumonia and Herpes Zoster in People With HIV Based on CD4 Count and Age in the Current Antiretroviral Therapy Era: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

Johanneke Kleinnijenhuis, Berend J. van Welzen, Els van Nood, Anke H. W. Bruns et al.
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
article

Incidence of Community-acquired Pneumonia and Herpes Zoster in People With HIV Based on CD4 Count and Age in the Current Antiretroviral Therapy Era: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

Johanneke Kleinnijenhuis, Berend J. van Welzen, Els van Nood, Anke H. W. Bruns, Steven F. L. van Lelyveld, Hanna K de Jong, Abraham Goorhuis, Elsemieke te Linde, Ferdinand W.N.M. Wit, Marc van der Valk, Robert‐Jan Hassing, Annelies Verbon
article en

Abstract

Incidence rates are the highest in PWH with CD4 counts ≤200 cells/μL and/or not on ART, whereas PWH with CD4 counts ≥500 and ≥1 year on ART have a risk of CAP and HZ comparable to that of the general population. These findings support aligning vaccine recommendations for PWH on long-term suppressive ART with immune reconstitution with those for the general population, while HIV-specific vaccination strategies may remain most relevant for individuals with virological failure and/or poor immune reconstitution.

Clinical Infectious Diseases
University Medical Center Groningen (NL), Erasmus MC (NL), University Medical Center Utrecht (NL), Geneeskundige en Gezondheidsdienst (NL), Netherlands Center for Occupational Diseases (NL), Spaarne Ziekenhuis (NL), Amsterdam Neuroscience (NL), Stichting HIV Monitoring (NL), Amsterdam University Medical Centers (NL), Rijnstate Hospital (NL), University of Amsterdam (NL), Erasmus University Rotterdam (NL)
Openalex Percentile: Top 47%
Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
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