Socioeconomic disparities in the trends of inpatient utilization for middle-aged and older adults in China: the perspective of international comparison from four cohorts

Inpatient utilization rates among middle-aged and older adults in China have experienced excessive growth over the past decade. Low SES was associated with high inpatient utilization, likely attributable to the poorer health status of low-SES groups. This association persisted in people covered by URRBMI. Policy reforms should prioritize the development of primary care, targeted health management, and equitable adjustments to health insurance. These measures are essential for curbing unnecessary hospitalizations and advancing healthcare equity in China.