Sustainable Luffa cylindrica Bio-Sponge Immobilized with Trichoderma koningiopsis UFPIT07 for Efficient Azo Dye Removal from Textile Effluents
The contamination of water bodies by industrial dyes is a critical environmental challenge due to the toxicity and persistence of these compounds in aquatic ecosystems. This study evaluated the efficiency of Trichoderma koningiopsis immobilized on Luffa cylindrica matrices for the decolorization of the azo dye Direct Black 22 (DB22), proposing a biotechnological approach for wastewater treatment. The fungus was cultivated and immobilized on matrices characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Experiments under different temperature, pH, and initial dye concentration conditions demonstrated that the immobilized system achieved up to 96% decolorization within 24 h under optimized conditions of 50 °C and pH 4, significantly outperforming the free fungus. The Luffa cylindrica matrix provided mechanical stability and a larger contact area for DB22 decolorization. Thus, the immobilized Trichoderma koningiopsis system on Luffa cylindrica stands out as a sustainable, cost-effective, and efficient alternative for dye removal from textile effluents, contributing to safer and more effective environmental practices.
Authors
- Daniel Charles dos Santos Macêdo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2356-5149)
- Ana Lúcia Figueiredo Porto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5561-5158)
- Marcos Antônio Barbosa de Lima (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5987-224X)
- Raphael Luiz Andrade Silva (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9039-5293)
- Márcia Nieves Carneiro da Cunha (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2744-6216)
- Thiago Pajeú Nascimento (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3480-6734)
- Romero Marcos Pedrosa Brandão Costa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7045-2975)
- Alice Maria Gonçalves Santos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0672-1709)
- Luiz Henrique Svintiskas Lino
- Kethylen Bárbara Barbosa Cardoso (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0317-0307)
- Alessandra Helena Gonsalves Andrade (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7567-6801)
- Anna Gabrielly Duarte Neves (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2089-5302)
- Maria Eduarda Luiz Coêlho de Miranda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7102-2800)
- Paulo Henrique Silva de França Dias
Institutions
- Universidade Federal do Piauí (BR)
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (BR)
- Universidade de Pernambuco (BR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Separations
- Published
- 2025-12-19
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/separations13010001
- Primary Topic
- Enzyme-mediated dye degradation
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco
- Universidade de Pernambuco