The Impact of Texture and Material Tactility on Mental Relaxation in the Interior Space

This study investigates how texture and material tactility influence mental relaxation across different age groups within interior environments. As modern lifestyles intensify cognitive load and stress, understanding the sensory impact of materiality has become crucial for human-centered design. The research explores the emotional and psychological responses triggered by various textures—soft, rough, warm, cold, natural, and synthetic—through observational analysis, literature review, and survey-based data interpretation. Findings indicate that soft, warm, matte, and natural materials such as wood, fabric, and stone significantly enhance mental relaxation, whereas rough, glossy, or synthetic surfaces often create sensory discomfort or stress. Children respond positively to playful and tactile-rich textures, adults prefer smooth and controlled surfaces that reduce overstimulation, and seniors benefit from warm, stable textures that support emotional security. Survey results further revealed that lighting conditions strengthen or diminish the calming effects of textures, emphasizing the interconnectedness of visual and tactile perception. Despite the growing research on biophilic and sensory design, existing literature lacks a holistic, multi-age comparison of diverse interior materials, which this study addresses. Overall, the study provides an evidence-based framework to guide designers in selecting textures that promote psychological comfort and relaxation across age groups, contributing to healthier, more emotionally supportive interior environments.