Economic performance of introduced cassava processing technologies in coastal regions, Tanzania

Mechanical cassava processing technologies have been recently introduced in Tanzania, yet their economic viability and farmer-level profitability remain underexplored. This study provides one of the first multidimensional evaluations of cassava mechanization in coastal regions (Tanga and Pwani) by integrating Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR), sensitivity analysis, and partial budgeting within a single analytical framework. Data from household surveys, focus groups, and machine trials were analyzed to assess technical efficiency, cost structures, and profitability of manual and engine-powered chippers and graters compared with traditional drying and fermentation. Results reveal that mechanized technologies shorten the drying time from 6-12 days to 1-3 days and produce flour of better quality. All machines showed profitable returns, with the cassava grater achieving the highest absolute returns, while the manual chipper achieved the best cost-benefit balance (3.25) and highest daily profitability (TZS 320.40/kg), which makes it a practical choice for small-scale farmers. The study's novelty lies in combining investment appraisal with per-kilogram profitability measures that translate economic viability into actionable farmer decisions. These findings contribute new evidence on region-specific cassava mechanization and offer policy pathways to scale adoption through subsidies, co-operative ownership, and credit access.