Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Wave Run-Up on Monopod and Pentapod Armor Units at Giant Sea Wall Jakarta

This study addressed a deficiency in previous studies on pentapod armor units. Those studies focused only on stability (KD) and did not involve run-up analysis, which is a critical factor for the planned Giant Sea Wall in North Jakarta. The wall is essential to protect the Indonesian coast from the inundation caused by land subsidence and sea-level increase. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations with Flow 3D-Hydro software, researchers compared the effectiveness of the existing pentapod and a new monopod unit in dissipating wave energy and reducing run-up. Eight tests were conducted for each armor type. The run-up ratios (Ru / H) for the monopod units were 0.982 for Mono-Octa, 0.849 for Mono-Cone, and 0.867 for Mono-Cube A. For the pentapod units, the ratios were 0.793 for Penta-Octa, 0.742 for Penta-Cone, and 0.759 for Penta-Cube. The cone shape was observed to be the most effective at dampening energy and reducing run-up for both types of armor. Further testing on a modified Mono-Cube B with perforated legs yielded a lower Ru / H value of 0.726. This was an improvement over the value (0.867) for Mono-Cube (Type A). The study verified that less energy dissipation results in a higher run-up, with wave parameters such as period (T<sub>n</sub>), length (L<sub>n</sub>), and height (H<sub>n</sub>) influencing this relationship.