A State‐Of‐The‐Art Review on Development and Properties of One‐Part Geopolymer Materials

The present study is a state‐of‐the‐art review on development and properties of one‐part geopolymer materials, which includes one‐part geopolymer paste, one‐part geopolymer mortar, and one‐part geopolymer concrete (GPC). The study has focused on evolution of geopolymer materials wherein specifically highlighted in detail about development of one‐part GPC, types and effect of precursors, types and effect of activators, mix design considerations, mixing procedure, curing, fresh properties. mechanical properties, durability properties, and microstructural analysis. The studies on one‐part GPC have demonstrated significant strength ranges from 20 to 70 MPa. The one‐part GPC exhibited up to 27% high tensile and flexural strength than the ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete. The researchers have reported low water absorption and a reduced volume of permeable voids up to 35% for one‐part GPC relative to OPC and confirmed the enhanced durability performance. The review of the literature also discussed recent developments in one‐part geopolymer materials for their applications in 3D‐printable concrete. One‐part GPC offered controlled rheology, rapid setting, and high thixotropy, which are essential for stable layer deposition and shape retention in 3D‐ printing of concrete structures. Also, challenges associated with one‐part GPC in terms of incomplete precursor activation, early‐age shrinkage and mix design standardization were discussed.