Beyond 5G and Non‐terrestrial Network (NTN) Integrated Architecture: Access Challenges for Expanding Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT)

ABSTRACT This study analyzes the architecture of the beyond 5G‐NTN (Non‐terrestrial Network) integrated network and presents the technical, legal, and regulatory challenges and considerations for expanding the Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) ecosystem. 5G‐NTN integrates LEO, MEO, and GEO satellite communications with terrestrial networks (Mobile Network Operator, Mobile Virtual Network Operator) to provide global connectivity. Based on the 3GPP Rel‐17/18 standards, it incorporates key technologies such as network slicing, edge computing, and dynamic spectrum allocation. To establish a robust AIoT ecosystem, technological solutions such as shared licensing for NTN and terrestrial network spectrum, optimization of network slicing, and QoS‐based service differentiation are required. From a legal and regulatory perspective, cooperation with global regulatory bodies such as the ITU, FCC, and MSIT is necessary to establish NTN access models and wholesale policies. Additionally, policies for satellite data security and privacy protection must be developed. Strengthening interoperability between MNOs and Satellite Network Operators (SNOs) and establishing the Satellite Virtual Network Operator (SVNO) model, which includes MVNOs and the private 5G market, is crucial. This study emphasizes that the 5G‐NTN‐based AIoT ecosystem will serve as a key infrastructure driving future digital innovation and provides practical insights for policymakers, telecom operators, and research institutions. The global AIoT economy is projected to reach $411.5 billion by 2040, necessitating technical standardization and regulatory support to sustain its growth. Importantly, slicing must also be understood as a business model, involving SLA agreements and value chain optimization between SNOs and Mobile Network Operators (MNOs).