The Impact of Environmental Training and Gender Diversity on Environmental Performance: Evidence From Australian Firms

ABSTRACT This study examines the impact of environmental training on corporate environmental performance, with particular attention to the moderating role of workplace gender diversity. Using panel data from Australian Securities Exchange‐listed firms (2014–2023) and a two‐stage system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator, the analysis reveals that environmental training alone does not generate immediate improvements. Instead, positive effects of training emerge after a 1‐year lag, reflecting the time required for employee motivation and learning to translate into measurable actions, as outlined in Employee Green Behavior theory. In contrast, gender diversity, both in leadership and across the workforce, exerts a more immediate influence in reducing carbon emissions. Moreover, the interaction between training and gender diversity accelerates environmental improvements, particularly when female representation reaches the critical threshold of approximately 33%. Drawing on gender socialization theory, the study illustrates how inclusive organizational practices amplify the benefits of formal environmental training. These findings provide both practical and theoretical contributions, positioning gender diversity not only as a matter of equity but also as a strategic driver of corporate sustainability.