Environmentally sustainable white, green and blue analytical method for simultaneous determination of ciprofloxacin and hydrocortisone using MVAS approach

This study outlines the development of an environmentally sustainable green, white and blue analytical method for the simultaneous determination of Ciprofloxacin and Hydrocortisone in eardrop using the absorption ratio i.e. Q-analysis method, adhering to green chemistry principles. Ethanol, a non-toxic solvent, was used to minimize environmental impact while maintaining accuracy, precision, and sensitivity. The establishment of any analytical methods needs four cardinal factors MVAS, i.e. it starts with the Method development, involves understanding drug nature, sample pretreatment, solvent selection, wavelength, and analytical device. Validation conducted confirmed acceptability in terms of; linearity in the concentration ranges of 5–30 µg/ml for Ciprofloxacin and 1–8 µg/ml for Hydrocortisone, with accuracy between 99.79% and 100.04% and % RSD < 2, indicating high precision. Application was demonstrated in eardrop formulations, with assay values ranging from 99.5% to 99.8%. Sustainability was ensured using eco-friendly tools. The method’s greenness was evaluated using the analytical eco-scale with the value of 96, Green Analytical Procedure Index showed green and yellow zones. Analytical GREEnness, Analytical GREEnness prep, Blue Analytical Graded Index were found to be 0.72, 0.5, 85 respectively. Overall sustainability was confirmed using the Click Analytical Chemistry Index, yielding an eco-score of 80. The results reveal the potential of the Q-analysis method as a green alternative to conventional techniques for simultaneous drug analysis.