Research on hemorrhagic stroke detection enhanced by magnetic nanoparticle-based magnetic induction

<i>Objective.</i>Prompt identification of haematomas is crucial for effective clinical treatment. Magnetic induction phase shift technology (MIPS), known for its portability, non-contact nature, and affordability, is limited by the weak signal induced by cerebral hemorrhage leading to poor sensitivity, which is urgent to be improved.<i>Approach</i>. Tracer of magnetic nanoparticles is introduced to produce robust induced magnetic field. A symmetrical gradiometer coil is used as the receiving coil to nullify the effect of primary magnetic field generated by the excitation coil, which is designed as a Helmholtz coil.<i>Main results</i>.<i>In vitro</i>experiments showcase the remarkably improved sensitivity and stability of the detection system, with magnetic nanoparticles notably boosting the MIPS signal for hemorrhage. Moreover,<i>in vivo</i>experiments employing a rabbit autologous blood cerebral hemorrhage model reveal that with a hemorrhage volume of 2 ml, the experimental group with employed magnetic nanoparticles increased the MIPS signal change by 23-fold compared to the control group without magnetic nanoparticles.<i>Significance</i>. The sensitivity of MIPS for hemorrhage detection is significantly improved compared to traditional method. The magnetic nanoparticle-enhanced MIPS detection technique holds promise as an optimal solution for real-time, non-invasive bedside monitoring for cerebral hemorrhage.