Nonlinear system identification for a nano-drone benchmark
This work introduces a benchmark for system identification based on 75 k real-world samples from the Crazyflie 2.1 Brushless nano-quadrotor, a sub-50 g aerial vehicle widely adopted in robotics research. The platform presents a challenging testbed due to its multi-input, multi-output nature, open-loop instability, and nonlinear dynamics under agile maneuvers. The dataset comprises four aggressive trajectories with synchronized 4-dimensional motor inputs and 13-dimensional output measurements . To enable fair comparison of identification methods, the benchmark includes a suite of multi-horizon prediction metrics for evaluating both one-step and multi-step error propagation. In addition to the data, a detailed description of the platform and experimental setup is provided, as well as baseline models highlighting the challenge of accurate prediction under real-world noise and actuation nonlinearities. All data, scripts, and reference implementations are released as open-source at https://github.com/idsia-robotics/nanodrone-sysid-benchmark to facilitate transparent comparison of algorithms and support research on agile, miniaturized aerial robotics.
Authors
- Marco Forgione (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6772-1580)
- Elia Cereda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8888-3538)
- Dario Piga (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7691-4886)
- Riccardo Busetto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9552-009X)
- Daniele Palossi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4487-0836)
- Gabriele Maroni (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4731-7238)
Institutions
- Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence Research (CH)
- ETH Zurich (CH)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Control Engineering Practice
- Published
- 2026-03-02
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2026.106871
- Primary Topic
- Aerospace and Aviation Technology
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00