Acoustic recordings of underwater vocalizations of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins in Xiamen Bay, China

Vocalizations play crucial roles in dolphin biological activities. Analysis of dolphin vocalizations provides valuable insights into their behaviors and population status. In this data descriptor, we present a dataset of underwater vocalizations of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) recorded in Xiamen Bay, China. The dataset comprises a diverse range of dolphin emissions, including 143 whistles (100 of which were classified as high-quality), and 897 pulse trains, categorized as echolocation clicks, burst pulses, and buzzes. A range of acoustic parameters was measured to characterize these acoustic signals. The presented dataset serves as an essential contribution to addressing existing data gaps regarding vocalizations of the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin population in Xiamen Bay. It provides an important resource for studying vocalization patterns and temporal variability in the acoustic behaviors of the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins, offering key insights to inform conservation strategies for this endangered population. Additionally, the dataset holds potential for population connectivity research, enabling acoustic comparisons between dolphin populations across different geographic regions to assess potential isolation or interaction.