AI/ML driven prediction of COPD exacerbations and readmissions: a systematic review and meta-analysis

AI/ML models demonstrate moderate-to-high discriminatory accuracy in predicting COPD exacerbations and readmissions, with pooled AUCs of 0.73-0.77. However, high heterogeneity, limited external validation, and frequent methodological concerns restrict generalizability. Standardized reporting frameworks (TRIPOD-AI, PROBAST-AI), rigorous external validations, and prospective implementation studies are needed to translate these promising tools into clinical practice.