Pattern-based p53 and p16 Immunohistochemistry as a Potential Alternative to Loss of Heterozygosity Testing for Progression Risk of Oral Epithelial Dysplasia

In this study, we demonstrate that p53/p16 pattern-based IHC provides a practical and sensitive tool for predicting progression in OED. Its clinical accessibility may facilitate early detection of high-risk lesions, optimizing triage, surveillance, and preventative treatment strategies to reduce the incidence of high-grade lesions or oral cancer.