Stochastic geometry analysis and optimal resource allocation for wireless‐powered Internet of Things networks with multi‐antenna systems

Abstract In this study, we consider large‐scale wireless‐powered Internet of Things networks in which sensor nodes (SNs) harvest energy from distributed power beacons equipped with multiple antennas during the energy‐harvesting downlink (EH DL) phase and then transmit their sensing data to associated information receivers during the information‐transfer uplink (IT UL) phase. In the IT UL phase, two different resource utilization strategies are considered for transmitting sensing data. First, each active node requires one time slot to transmit its sensing data during the UL phase, which consists of multiple time slots (Type I). Second, all active SNs share the time slots available for IT (Type II). Considering a practical EH model, we aim to analyze both the harvested energy in the EH DL phase and transmission capacity in the IT UL phase. Based on the analytical results, we demonstrate that the transmission capacity is unimodal with respect to the number of EH time slots and transmit power for IT. We also propose a network parameter optimization algorithm in which the number of EH time slots and transmit power for IT are jointly optimized to maximize the transmission capacity.