Evolution and Trends in the Use of Biomaterials for Electrodes in Microbial Fuel Cells: A Bibliometric Approach

This bibliometric study analyzes the evolution of biomaterials used for electrodes in microbial fuel cells (MFCs), highlighting a marked increase in publications since 2019. Key materials—including modified cellulose, lignin, and carbon nanocomposites—have improved electrode efficiency and structural stability. The findings indicate that high-impact journals, such as the Journal of Microbial Fuel Cell Research and Bioelectrochemistry & Sustainable Energy (with h-indices of 72 and 64, respectively), have played a pivotal role in advancing the field. Prominent researchers, including Yang J and Xie Q, have made significant contributions, as reflected in their high citation counts. Network analysis reveals limited international collaboration, underscoring the need to strengthen strategic partnerships. Ultimately, this study highlights the importance of future research that integrates artificial intelligence and nanotechnology to optimize biomaterial performance in MFCs, thereby enhancing their contribution to sustainable energy solutions.