Review of data security protection technologies for interactive electronic technical manuals

With the rapid advancement of equipment support informatization, the data security of Interactive Electronic Technical Manuals (IETM), as a core technological medium, has become a critical component of national security strategies. A systematic analysis of security threats to IETM is presented, addressing risks associated with structured data, vulnerabilities within multimedia content, and hazards arising from cross-platform transmission, while also examining representative attack scenarios such as supply chain intrusions and privilege escalation exploits. Current research progress in security technologies is reviewed, including lightweight encryption algorithms, homomorphic encryption, dynamic access control mechanisms (RBAC and ABE), zero-trust security models, and digital watermarking. Prospective directions for IETM data security are outlined through the integration of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, quantum encryption, blockchain, and biometric authentication. The findings demonstrate that a multi-layered and adaptive security framework, combining encryption, access control, and copyright protection mechanisms, substantially strengthens IETM system security and provides reliable support for the informatization of equipment maintenance.