Chlorogenic Acid from Peucedanum japonicum Attenuates TNF-α-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Damage in Human Dermal Fibroblasts

Intrinsic aging and external stimuli such as UV exposure contribute to heightened MMP-1 expression, leading to collagen deterioration and weakening of the skin's structural framework, hallmarks of aging tissue. <i>Peucedanum japonicum</i>, a plant consumed in East Asia, contains antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds, but its effects on skin aging remain unclear. This study profiled six major bioactive compounds in <i>P. japonicum</i> leaves and roots and evaluated their protective effects in TNF-α-stimulated human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs). Phytochemical profiles were determined, and biological activity was evaluated by measuring intracellular ROS, MMP-1 secretion, and COL1A1 expression. Both leaf and root extracts exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, with leaves generally showing stronger effects. Among the six compounds, chlorogenic acid (<b>1</b>) demonstrated the most potent activity. It markedly decreased intracellular ROS, suppressed MMP-1 secretion, and enhanced COL1A1 expression in TNF-α-stimulated NHDFs, indicating protection against inflammation-induced collagen degradation. These findings suggest that <i>P. japonicum</i>, particularly its chlorogenic acid (<b>1</b>) content, may be a promising natural resource for anti-aging skincare and therapies targeting inflammation-associated skin damage.