Cell therapy clinical trials for otorhinolaryngology disease treatment: a systematic review

Abstract Background The treatment of otorhinolaryngology diseases such as acquired cholesteatoma, chronic rhinosinusitis, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma represents an important challenge for physicians and for social and economic life. Stem cell therapy in regenerative medicine has the potential to reduce morbidity and mortality through tissue regeneration or modulation of the inflammatory response. The purpose of this systematic review is to inform researchers and doctors about clinical trials of stem cells in patients with ear, nose, and throat disease. Methods This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. We searched the medical and biological database websites, with sensitive and specific Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) relevant keywords. Two trained investigators independently performed the critical appraisal of trials. Results Based on searches in common medical databases, little research has been conducted so far. We found that cell therapy clinical trials have been used in acquired cholesteatoma, tympanic membrane perforation, adult allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Conclusion The cell therapy has so far been associated with promising results in all cases, and no complications from cell use have been reported. Graphical Abstract