The impact of socio-economic and political factors on the development of e-government in developed and developing countries

Type of the article: Research ArticleAbstract The current direction of state development is its focus on citizens (G2C). This transition is accompanied by digitalization, which enables the provision of services to citizens to reach a whole new level through e-government. The aim of this study is to identify the factors in the socio-economic and political environments that influence the formation of e-government across countries. Based on panel data (UN, World Bank, World Intellectual Property Organization, International Monetary Fund) for 48 countries for 2014–2024, regression and dynamic analyses were performed. It has been established that the main factors influencing the e-government index are the human development index (1.29–1.78), the ease of doing business index (–0.00069), the global innovation index (–0.0038), and gross domestic product per capita (4.47e-06). For developed countries, human development (1.9) and innovation (0.0081) are significant, while for developing countries, economic prosperity (1.62) and the business environment (1.61e-05) are significant. Dynamic models confirm the lag effect of the e-government rating (0.43), which indicates the stability of institutional factors. It has been found that the development of e-government is determined by the impact of the innovation economy, human capital, and the openness of state institutions, which form the cumulative effect of the digital transformation of governance.