Integrating the advantages of two single-pixel imaging schemes via holographic projection in ghost-imaging systems

Computer-generated holography (CGH) enables on-demand scaling and projection of artificially designed target patterns, offering distinct advantages such as a lensless configuration and high-frame-rate operation. In this work, we actively manipulate projection patterns via CGH to integrate two representative single-pixel imaging (SPI) schemes, thereby establishing a ghost imaging (GI) framework with flexibly tunable properties. Specifically, reference signals derived from computational holography and their corresponding bucket signals are processed using an intensity correlation algorithm, enabling the simultaneous reconstruction of image results across multiple GI schemes. Experimentally, we demonstrate the method using two types of target patterns: intensity-squared chaotic speckle patterns and artificially designed sparse patterns. The results exhibit varying degrees of improvement in image visibility and contrast-to-noise ratio. Moreover, by designing mirror-symmetric target patterns, we successfully achieve positive and negative ghost image copies through holographic projection. Consequently, this integrated, lensless GI approach based on holographic projection not only fulfills the requirement for customizable projection patterns in practical applications but also provides the high-frame-rate sampling capability essential for multi-frame intensity correlation measurements.