Pharmacotherapy for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Brief Review of Available Options and Their Integration With Lifestyle Medicine Approaches

Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a chronic public health concern significantly affecting the physical, social and mental well-being of people who are alcohol-dependent. Evidence supports the use of pharmacologic and psychosocial therapy in mild to severe cases. FDA approved medications-acamprosate, naltrexone and disulfiram-are used on a patient-specific basis to limit alcohol intake and assist with abstinence. Recent studies and guidelines show these medications are deemed safe and effective to use in AUD. Additionally, studies have proven that medications such as topiramate and gabapentin are effective treatments, limiting alcohol consumption. Overall, pharmacotherapy may play a role in improving patient health outcomes by reducing withdrawal symptoms, cravings, moods and alcohol relapse alongside behavioral approaches.