Managing medicine-related secondary constipation in people with learning disabilities

Constipation is a distressing and uncomfortable condition, which is particularly prevalent in people with learning disabilities. Without effective treatment constipation can negatively affect quality of life and, in severe cases, contribute to premature death. Secondary constipation can be caused by medicines such as analgesics or anticholinergics prescribed for other conditions. It is important that nurses who support people with learning disabilities understand the physiology and pathophysiology of secondary constipation to enable person-centred assessment and treatment plans. This article discusses the anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract, the pathophysiology of constipation and some of the commonly prescribed medicines which can cause secondary constipation. The authors also detail the importance of regular medication reviews and the use of holistic treatment plans for constipation.