Periodic oscillations induced by stem cells and platelets in hematological diseases model

Oscillatory behavior in blood cell counts, such that observed in Cyclical Thrombocetopenia (CT), reflects fundamental regulatory mechanisms in hematopoiesis. To gain insight into these dynamics, we analyzed a delay differential model describing the dynamics of Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) and platelets. We establish properties and stability of equilibrium states, investigate the role of the cell cycle delay in inducing Hopf bifurcation, and determine the nature of this bifurcation via normal form analysis. Numerical simulations confirm the theoretical predictions and reproduce oscillations consistent with experimental data.