Analysis of risk factors for delayed intracranial hemorrhage following ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery and construction of a nomogram model

Advanced age, a history of craniotomy, and elevated NLRR are independent risk factors for DICH following VPS in hydrocephalus patients. The constructed nomogram model for predicting DICH occurrence after VPS surgery in hydrocephalus patients exhibits favorable predictive performance. Postoperatively, enhanced vigilance for DICH is recommend when any of these risk factors are present postoperatively. Increasing the frequency of postoperative head CT scans may improve detection sensitivity for asymptomatic patients with minor bleeding, thereby facilitating early intervention.