Brown tumours of a rib initially detected by ultrasound: a case report

Brown tumours, reactive osteolytic lesions caused by hyperparathyroidism, are usually identified by X-ray, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, with ultrasonography of brown tumours being only rarely reported in the literature. In this paper, we present a case of brown tumours initially detected during ultrasound examination and subsequently confirmed. We describe the ultrasonographic characteristics in detail and discuss the clinical value of ultrasound as a screening and diagnostic tool. Furthermore, we summarise the clinical characteristics, imaging features, and treatment options of brown tumours based on a thorough analysis of the available literature.