Carbohydrate Reduction and a Holistic Model of Care in Diabetes Management: Insights from a Retrospective Multi-Year Audit in New Zealand
Given the retrospective and uncontrolled audit design, findings should be interpreted with appropriate caution. However, the consistent improvements observed across multiple practices suggest that carbohydrate-reduction strategies within holistic models of care can meaningfully improve diabetes outcomes in real-world primary care settings. Future research should evaluate longer-term sustainability, implementation fidelity, and the applicability of this model at scale, particularly for Māori and Pacific communities.
Authors
- Lorna Fraser (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1360-4191)
- Tom Stewart (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5915-3843)
- Caryn Zinn (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6185-7663)
- Grant Schofield (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8865-7821)
- Olivia Currie (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2083-1787)
- Gill Davies (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9594-4359)
- Catherine Crofts (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6109-8513)
- Jessica L. Campbell (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0119-2596)
- David Unwin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9950-254X)
- Marcus Hawkins (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5662-1944)
- Jared Cannons (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8818-4278)
Institutions
- Manukau Institute of Technology (NZ)
- Statistics New Zealand (NZ)
- Auckland University of Technology (NZ)
- Christchurch Clinical Studies Trust (NZ)
- MedTech CoRE (NZ)
- Fisher & Paykel Healthcare (New Zealand) (NZ)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Nutrients
- Published
- 2025-12-17
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17243953
- Primary Topic
- Diabetes Management and Education
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00