Decoding preparatory movement state-based motor imagery with multi layer energy decoder

Integration of preparatory movement states into the movement imagery process can generate distinguishable features at different stages and improve the classification performance of BCI systems. The proposed PMS-MI paradigm, combined with the MLED decoding method, provides a promising direction for developing more accurate and robust BCIs, particularly in the context of neurorehabilitation.

Authors

Yuxin Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1450-2995)
Alan X. Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0553-498X)
Miaomiao Guo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3079-7957)
Mengfan Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1501-9516)
Guizhi Xu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-0051)

Institutions

Auckland Institute of Studies (NZ)
University of Auckland (NZ)
Hebei University of Technology (CN)
Auckland University of Technology (NZ)
Brain Research New Zealand (NZ)

Publication Details

Journal: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation
Published: 2025-12-17
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-025-01837-z
Primary Topic: EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
Type: article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact: 0.00

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article

Decoding preparatory movement state-based motor imagery with multi layer energy decoder

Yuxin Zhang, Alan X. Wang, Miaomiao Guo, Mengfan Li et al.

Dec 17, 2025

Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation

EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces

article

Decoding preparatory movement state-based motor imagery with multi layer energy decoder

Yuxin Zhang, Alan X. Wang, Miaomiao Guo, Mengfan Li, Guizhi Xu

December 17, 2025article en

Abstract

Integration of preparatory movement states into the movement imagery process can generate distinguishable features at different stages and improve the classification performance of BCI systems. The proposed PMS-MI paradigm, combined with the MLED decoding method, provides a promising direction for developing more accurate and robust BCIs, particularly in the context of neurorehabilitation.

Journal of NeuroEngineering and RehabilitationVol. 23(1)

Auckland Institute of Studies (NZ), University of Auckland (NZ), Hebei University of Technology (CN), Auckland University of Technology (NZ), Brain Research New Zealand (NZ)

Openalex Percentile: Top 59%

EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces

DOI Open Access PDF OpenAlex

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Decoding preparatory movement state-based motor imagery with multi layer energy decoder — Yuxin Zhang, Alan X. Wang, et al. · Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS