Interconnection between blood clotting and inflammatory response in patients with acute myocardial infarction

Blood coagulation and inflammation are mutually influenced processes: in the cardiovascular system setting, the inflammatory status following an Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) can lead to endothelial dysfunction and activation of the blood coagulation system. This study aimed to evaluate the inflammatory response in AMI and assess its role in predicting prothrombotic state following primary Percutaneous Coronary Interventions (PCI). Fibrinogen concentration was determined spectrophotometrically with a thrombin-like enzyme. D-dimer and Soluble Fibrin (SF) levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ELISA. A semi-automatic hematological analyzer was used to evaluate the blood formula. The lipid profile and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) concentration were analyzed using an automatic biochemical analyzer, the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) was measured using capillary tubes by standard method. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test. The inflammatory marker CRP, White Blood Cell Count (WBC), ESR, and fibrinogen concentration were used to characterize the intensity of inflammation. Patients with elevated CRP levels before PCI exhibited a significantly increased level of SF on the fifth day after AMI, which can be related to a higher risk of thrombosis than patients with AMI and normal inflammatory marker levels. Our findings highlight the importance of inflammation response assessment before the PCI procedures for accurately diagnosing the prothrombotic state of the hemostasis system, predicting thrombosis, and selecting appropriate therapy.