Sunset Bores Over the Southern North China Plain

Abstract This study examines the genesis of atmospheric bores near sunset and their role in initiating and maintaining late‐afternoon mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) over the Southern North China Plain. A key finding is that 20% of documented bore occur during the sunset period. These bores form in the local environment preconditioned by the convective outflows from late afternoon MCSs, or by sea breezes that peak at this time. These bores aid in initiating and maintaining afternoon convection, subsequently favoring the development of nocturnal MCSs and associated bores. While bore research often concentrates on their impact on nocturnal MCSs, this study highlights that accurately predicting the diurnal cycle of MCSs requires properly representing bores. Thus, it helps address the long‐standing challenge of simulating the diurnal cycle of convective rainfall in weather and climate models.

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Publication Details

Journal
Geophysical Research Letters
Published
2025-12-17
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gl119298
Primary Topic
Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Sunset Bores Over the Southern North China Plain

Fanchao Lyu, Abuduwaili Abulikemu, Shushi Zhang, Xin Yan Xu et al.
Geophysical Research Letters
Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
article

Sunset Bores Over the Southern North China Plain

Fanchao Lyu, Abuduwaili Abulikemu, Shushi Zhang, Xin Yan Xu, David B. Parsons, Gang Chen, Qiying Chen, Long Huang, Hong Huang, Fen Xu
article en

Abstract

Abstract This study examines the genesis of atmospheric bores near sunset and their role in initiating and maintaining late‐afternoon mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) over the Southern North China Plain. A key finding is that 20% of documented bore occur during the sunset period. These bores form in the local environment preconditioned by the convective outflows from late afternoon MCSs, or by sea breezes that peak at this time. These bores aid in initiating and maintaining afternoon convection, subsequently favoring the development of nocturnal MCSs and associated bores. While bore research often concentrates on their impact on nocturnal MCSs, this study highlights that accurately predicting the diurnal cycle of MCSs requires properly representing bores. Thus, it helps address the long‐standing challenge of simulating the diurnal cycle of convective rainfall in weather and climate models.

Geophysical Research LettersVol. 52(24)
China Meteorological Administration (CN), National University of Defense Technology (CN), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (CN), State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering (CN), Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography (CN), Jiangsu Institute of Meteorological Sciences (CN), Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CN), Northwest Research Associates (US), State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Nanjing University (CN), Xinjiang University (CN)
National Science Foundation, National Natural Science Foundation of China, China Meteorological Administration, Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
Openalex Percentile: Top 55%
Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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