Evaluation of Intra-Amniotic Infection Detection Based on Available Diagnostic Methods

<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Despite the development of medicine, there is no clearly established scheme for the prediction of intra-amniotic infection (IAI). In this study, evaluation of some predictors of IAI confirmed in histopathological examination was performed. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: The study population included 70 patients all giving birth by cesarean section divided into two groups: study (<i>n</i> = 34) consisting of patients with histologically confirmed IAI and control (<i>n</i> = 36) without IAI. Biological material included the mother's venous blood to determine C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and procalcitonin (PCT) concentrations; vaginal discharge to determine IL-6; cervical canal swabs to perform cultures for bacteria and fungi and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for <i>Ureaplasma urealyticum</i>, <i>Mycoplasma hominis</i>, and <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>; amniotic fluid to perform cultures for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and PCR for atypical pathogens, and to determine glucose, IL-6, and PCT concentrations; umbilical cord blood to determine PCT, CRP, Il-6 and blood culture. A fragment of the placenta and fetal membranes was taken for histopathological assessment of the inflammatory infiltrate. <i>Results</i>: Mothers' serum CRP assessments as well as serum PCT assessments are of poor diagnostic value in the prediction of IAI confirmed in histopathological examination. <i>Conclusions</i>: The best predictive values of IAI confirmed in histopathological examination were amniotic fluid glucose and vaginal fluid IL-6 determinations.