Comparative analysis of fluoride-based and natural mouthwashes on NiTi orthodontic wire surface integrity

Exposure to both conventional and natural mouthwashes resulted in significant surface alterations of NiTi archwires. Although Encident Brackets^® produced slightly higher roughness values, its effect was comparable to BambooSmile^®. These findings highlight the importance of considering mouthwash composition during orthodontic treatment, as increased surface roughness may compromise sliding mechanics, favor bacterial adhesion, and affect periodontal health. Further in vivo studies are recommended to validate these results under clinical conditions.