Best constants in subelliptic fractional Sobolev and Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequalities and ground states on stratified Lie groups

In this paper, we establish the sharp fractional subelliptic Sobolev inequalities and Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequalities on stratified Lie groups. The best constants are given in terms of a ground state solution of a fractional subelliptic equation involving the fractional <i>p</i>-sublaplacian ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo><</mml:mo> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mo><</mml:mo> <mml:mi>∞</mml:mi></mml:mrow> </mml:math> ) on stratified Lie groups. We also prove the existence of ground state (least energy) solutions to nonlinear subelliptic fractional Schrödinger equation on stratified Lie groups. Different from the proofs of analogous results in the setting of classical Sobolev spaces on Euclidean spaces given by Weinstein (Comm. Math. Phys. 87(4):576-676, 1982/1983) using the rearrangement inequality which is not available in stratified Lie groups, we apply a subelliptic version of vanishing lemma due to Lions extended in the setting of stratified Lie groups combining it with the compact embedding theorem for subelliptic fractional Sobolev spaces obtained in our previous paper (Math. Ann. 388(4):4201-4249, 2024). We also present subelliptic fractional logarithmic Sobolev inequalities with explicit constants on stratified Lie groups. The main results are new for <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:math> even in the context of the Heisenberg group.