Full-mouth rehabilitation with implant-supported overdentures in a heavy smoker with multiple sclerosis: A 3-year follow-up case report

This case report describes the rehabilitation of a 70-year-old Arab male patient with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), controlled type 2 diabetes, and heavy smoking. The patient was treated with a maxillary four-implant bar-supported overdenture and a mandibular two-implant tissue-supported overdenture chosen for their stability, minimal invasiveness, affordability, and ease of hygiene. At three-year follow-up, peri-implant bone levels remained stable, and function and quality of life improved. However, moderate inflammation and plaque accumulation reflected fair oral hygiene and persistent smoking. This case emphasizes the need for strict maintenance at three-month intervals and elimination of risk factors, particularly smoking and poor glycemic control. Implant therapy in MS patients should be undertaken cautiously with comprehensive risk assessment and interdisciplinary planning. Although this single case showed favorable outcomes, the findings should be interpreted with caution, given the persistent high-risk factors and limited generalizability.