Experimental Study on Wavefront Distortion Correction in Atmospheric Turbulence Using Zernike-Wavelet Hybrid Basis

In adaptive optics systems, most methods rely on reconstruction techniques centered on regional or global orthogonal bases, which struggle to accommodate the multi-scale characteristics of atmospheric turbulence wavefronts. This paper adopts a hybrid basis wavefront reconstruction method based on mutual information sorting, combining Zernike modes with Daubechies wavelet modes for mutual information calculation and sorting. The modes with the highest correlation are selected for reconstruction, effectively reducing the scale of the reconstruction matrix while considering both global and local features. The reconstruction results show that when the number of modes is 20, the root mean square (RMS) of the wavefront residual error of the hybrid basis reconstruction drops to 0.14 rad, outperforming 0.19 rad of the Zernike mutual information method and 0.33 rad of the Zernike expansion method. The peak-to-valley (PV) value after wavefront correction converges to 0.057 μm at the 39th iteration, demonstrating a faster convergence speed and smaller residual error; the RMS value converges to 0.027 μm at the 77th iteration after correction.