Boosting efficiency: Factors influencing operation at the Port of Ngqura, Gqeberha

Background: Port efficiency is a key determinant of competitiveness in global trade, as efficient ports enable faster cargo movement, reduced vessel turnaround times, and improved logistics performance. To maintain competitiveness, ports must continuously examine and enhance their productivity factors. Objectives: This study aimed to achieve two objectives: firstly, to explore the factors influencing port productivity at the Port of Ngqura in South Africa; and secondly, to propose strategic recommendations that could assist management in enhancing operational efficiency and overall performance. Method: A qualitative research approach was employed, using semi-structured interviews with participants from Transnet Port Terminals (TPT) and the Transnet National Ports Authority (TNPA). Guided by the principles of information power and saturation reasoning, ten participants were purposively selected to provide rich insights into productivity-related issues at the Port of Ngqura. Results: Findings revealed that port productivity is influenced by equipment reliability, technological advancement, human resource capacity and infrastructure adequacy. Shortcomings in equipment, infrastructure and workforce stability were identified as major challenges limiting operational effectiveness. Conclusion: Improving port productivity requires investment in modern equipment, technology upgrades, and infrastructure improvements. Furthermore, addressing human resource challenges related to resignations, voluntary separation plans (VSPs) and contract terminations through effective planning is essential. Contribution: The study contributes to port management and supply chain literature by providing context-specific insights into productivity determinants at the Port of Ngqura and offering evidence-based recommendations for enhancing efficiency and competitiveness within South Africa’s maritime sector.