The <sup>12</sup> CO gas structures of protoplanetary disks in the Upper Scorpius region

We present measurements of key protoplanetary disk properties inferred from parametric models of ALMA 12 CO spectral line visibilities. We derived gas-disk radii, integrated fluxes, optically thick emission layers, and brightness temperature profiles for the disk population of the old (4–14 Myr) Upper Scorpius star-forming region. We measured CO emission sizes for 37 disks with bright CO J = 3–2 emission (S/N &gt; 10 on the integrated flux; out of the 83 disks with CO detections), finding that the median radius containing 90% of the flux is ∼82 au, with radii spanning from 22 up to 247 au. We report a correlation between the 12 CO brightness temperatures and stellar luminosities, with a Pearson coefficient of 0.6, which we used to prove that the 12 CO optically thick emission layer primarily emanates from a region below the superheated dust, which is optically thin to the stellar irradiation. Moreover, we derive 33 CO emission-surface height profiles, finding a median aspect ratio of ⟨ z/r ⟩ ∼ 0.16 in a range from ∼0.01 up to ∼0.45 over the sample. Finally, we comment on the multiple systems in our sample, of which only some were already known. These results confirm that it is possible to derive bulk disk properties by modeling moderate-angular-resolution ALMA visibilities.

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Journal
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Published
2025-12-03
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202557366
Citations
1
Primary Topic
Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
1.15
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article

The 12 CO gas structures of protoplanetary disks in the Upper Scorpius region

A. Miotello, Teresa Paneque-Carreño, John M. Carpenter, Giovanni Rosotti et al.
1 citations
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
1.15
article

The 12 CO gas structures of protoplanetary disks in the Upper Scorpius region

A. Miotello, Teresa Paneque-Carreño, John M. Carpenter, Giovanni Rosotti, Hsi-Wei Yen, Sean M. Andrews, Richard Teague, N. T. Kurtovic, M. Villenave, Francesco Zagaria, Charles J. Law, Miguel Vioque, Cristiano Longarini, C. F. Manara, Luigi Zallio, Aaron Empey
article en
1 citations

Abstract

We present measurements of key protoplanetary disk properties inferred from parametric models of ALMA 12 CO spectral line visibilities. We derived gas-disk radii, integrated fluxes, optically thick emission layers, and brightness temperature profiles for the disk population of the old (4–14 Myr) Upper Scorpius star-forming region. We measured CO emission sizes for 37 disks with bright CO J = 3–2 emission (S/N &gt; 10 on the integrated flux; out of the 83 disks with CO detections), finding that the median radius containing 90% of the flux is ∼82 au, with radii spanning from 22 up to 247 au. We report a correlation between the 12 CO brightness temperatures and stellar luminosities, with a Pearson coefficient of 0.6, which we used to prove that the 12 CO optically thick emission layer primarily emanates from a region below the superheated dust, which is optically thin to the stellar irradiation. Moreover, we derive 33 CO emission-surface height profiles, finding a median aspect ratio of ⟨ z/r ⟩ ∼ 0.16 in a range from ∼0.01 up to ∼0.45 over the sample. Finally, we comment on the multiple systems in our sample, of which only some were already known. These results confirm that it is possible to derive bulk disk properties by modeling moderate-angular-resolution ALMA visibilities.

Astronomy and AstrophysicsVol. 705
University College Dublin (IE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR), Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica (TW), University of Milan (IT), University of Cambridge (GB), University of Michigan (US), Atacama Large Millimeter Submillimeter Array (CL), Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (DE), Max Planck Institute for Astronomy (DE), Institute of Astronomy (RU), Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian (US), University of Virginia (US), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US), Université Grenoble Alpes (FR)
Openalex Percentile: Top 14%
Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
1.15
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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