Optical coherence tomography and electroretinography in pituitary macroadenomas: a 12-month analysis by age and tumor type

Structural and functional retinal parameters (GCIPL, RNFL, PhNR) may provide supportive information for monitoring visual pathway involvement in pituitary macroadenomas. Differences between PRL and NFPAs were more evident in treated NFPA patients <60 years, suggesting tumor type and age may influence biomarker sensitivity. The absence of such differences in older patients may reflect biological homogeneity or reduced responsiveness of retinal structures. Age should be considered a potential modifier when interpreting OCT and ERG findings across clinical phenotypes of pituitary macroadenomas.