A study on eco-friendly method for the synthesis of novel ternary NiMn ₂ O ₄ /TiO ₂ -chitosan nanocomposite for the improvement of electrochemical performance

In this work, a sustainable and cost-effective approach was developed to synthesize a ternary composite (NiMn2O4/TiO2-Chitosan) via an eco-friendly method using coconut cotyledon extract as a reducing agent. This environmentally friendly synthesis route successfully developed a nanocomposite with distinct structural and morphological characteristics. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of a highly crystalline phase, while FESEM revealed mixed and irregular morphologies. EDAX spectrum qualitatively verified the presence of Ni, Mn, Ti, C and O in the composite. HRSTEM further displayed a disordered cubic structure, indicating nanoscale complexity. The optical band gap of the composite was determined to be 2.93[Formula: see text]eV, suggesting potential for semiconducting applications. Electrochemical evaluation in a three-electrode system using KOH electrolyte demonstrated a remarkable specific capacitance of 1089.41[Formula: see text]F g[Formula: see text] at a current density of 1[Formula: see text]mA g[Formula: see text]. Furthermore, the electrode exhibited an excellent energy density of 45.77[Formula: see text]Wh kg[Formula: see text] with a power density of 275[Formula: see text]W kg[Formula: see text], underscoring its superior energy storage performance. These results confirm the successful fabrication of highly efficient electrode material through a green, economical and facile method. The unique architecture and outstanding supercapacitor behavior of NiMn 2 O 4 /TiO 2 -Chitosan composite make it a promising candidate for advanced energy storage applications.