Contiguous orbital inflammation from paranasal sinus abnormalities in etiology of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy
TAO is associated with a high prevalence of PSA in a pattern consistent with the orbital anatomy. The correlation with ipsilateral muscle thickening combined with the lack of association with proptosis laterality or systemic biomarkers lend strong support to a model of contiguous inflammation over systemic autoimmunity, a hypothesis that warrants further validation through longitudinal and mechanistic studies.
Authors
- Xiaoyan Hao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2710-0744)
- Mingming Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6750-5068)
- Li Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2528-5087)
- Xiang Xu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1547-7082)
Institutions
- Beijing Tongren Hospital (CN)
- Capital Medical University (CN)
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CN)
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- International Journal of Ophthalmology
- Published
- 2025-12-17
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2026.01.13
- Primary Topic
- Ophthalmology and Eye Disorders
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00