A Study of Lipoprotein(a) in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Correlation with Glycosylated Hemoglobin

Abstract Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) is a genetically determined lipoprotein linked with atherogenesis. This study explores the relationship between Lp(a) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in newly diagnosed T2DM. Materials and Methods: An observational case–control study involving 52 newly diagnosed T2DM patients and 52 age- and sex-matched healthy controls was conducted. Serum Lp(a) and HbA1c levels were measured, and their correlation was assessed. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. Results: T2DM patients had significantly higher mean Lp(a) levels (27.49 ± 15.66 mg/dL) compared to controls (12.40 ± 4.04 mg/dL, P < 0.001). Nearly 31% had elevated or very high Lp(a) levels. A trend of increasing Lp(a) with higher HbA1c levels was observed but was not statistically significant ( r = 0.21, P = 0.11). Conclusion: Elevated Lp(a) is prevalent in newly diagnosed T2DM and shows association with dyslipidemia but not with HbA1c. Lp(a) may serve as an early marker of cardiovascular risk in T2DM.