Oxidized Starch From <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> as a Potential Bioactive Delivery Agent

ABSTRACT Metal oxides and polymeric nanomaterials are common carrier systems used to deliver drugs to specified targeted sites within the body. However, studies have shown that the presence of metal and metal oxide‐based drug carrier systems has demonstrated adverse toxic effects in in vitro and in vivo model systems. Non‐toxicity, biocompatibility, efficient drug loading, and controlled release have made polymer‐based drug carrier systems a preferred alternative to the conventional methods. This study aimed to determine the effects of oxidizing agents on two cultivars of Vigna unguiculata (cowpea) starch (Glenda and TVU) to understand its physiochemical and functional effects as a potential carrier system. Samples were characterized based on their structural and functional properties using FTIR, SEM, XRD, gel strength, DSC, particle size and zeta potential. Physicochemical properties were such as oil and water absorption capacity, water solubility index, swelling power, syneresis emulsion capacity, stability and foaming capacity and stability, were also determined. It was found that chemical modification had minimal to no effect on the structural properties. The granular structure ranged from 17 to 39 and 12 to 33 µm for Glenda and TVU, respectively. Findings suggest that modification by oxidation improved select physiochemical functions for carrier system application.