Effectiveness of Duct Excision Procedures in Detecting Preneoplastic and Malignant Lesions in Pathological Nipple Discharge: A Retrospective Cohort Study

The malignancy detection rate was slightly higher in the MDE group; however, this difference was not statistically significant. Similarly, there was no significant difference in the need for re-excision. Microductectomy, which preserves lactation function, may be preferred for premenopausal individuals or those considering future pregnancies when clinical presentation supports single-duct involvement. The differing distribution of IL and HRL between procedures reflects the pathology associated with their respective clinical indications rather than a difference in diagnostic performance.