Energy Efficiency and Its Contribution to the Green Transition and Global Sustainable Development Goals

This paper examines the crucial role of energy efficiency and green transformation as key drivers for achieving the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. It highlights that the growing global energy consumption, dominated by fossil fuels, poses a significant challenge, leading to environmental, social and economic problems. The study highlights the need for integrated solutions that avoid trade-offs and minimise adverse environmental impacts. It examines the progress on Goal 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), particularly in the heating and transport sectors, and the insufficient investment in developing countries. The proposed methodology for a green transition includes a comprehensive assessment, integrated policies, investment mobilisation, capacity building and adaptive monitoring. The study concludes that energy efficiency is the most cost-effective lever for reducing emissions and stimulating inclusive, sustainable growth, with its benefits extending far beyond purely economic ones, having a positive impact on health, education, equality, and global stability.