Introducing MOSAIC: A Modular, Open-Source Suite for Assistive Intelligent Control

Modern assistive technologies, including prosthetic limbs, orthotic devices, and rehabilitation robots, are increasingly being driven by biosignal-based control systems. However, developing and validating such systems remains challenging owing to the complex signal-processing pipelines, heterogeneous hardware requirements, and limited support for real-time prototyping. We present <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">MOSAIC</i>, an open-source, modular software suite written in C# for real-time biosignal processing and intelligent device control. Configured via human-readable files, <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">MOSAIC</i> enables rapid prototyping through functional units called blocks, which support asynchronous data flow and precise execution timing. The system is hardware-independent and supports a wide range of sensors and output interfaces, including electromyography, inertial sensors, ultrasound, functional electrical stimulation, Internet Protocol over User Datagram Protocol, serial communication, and Bluetooth streaming. A live graphical interface enables interactive experimentation and immediate inspection of system behavior. We demonstrate <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">MOSAIC</i> across real-world applications, including prosthetic limb control, gesture-guided medical systems, and muscle-controlled orthotic devices. Its extensible design supports reproducible experimentation in assistive technologies.