Diversity, distribution and conservation of tribe Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae) in Northern and Northwestern Paraná, Southern Brazil

Climbing Bignoniaceae are an important group in tropical forests, with high species diversity in Brazil. Regional floristic studies, which involve reviewing regional herbaria, are fundamental to understanding diversity. This study reviews the species of the tribe Bignonieae in the Northwestern, Northern Central, and Northern Pioneer mesoregions of Paraná. A total of thirty-five species were identified and are distributed among the following genera: Adenocalymma, Amphilophium, and Dolichandra (five species each), Anemopaegma, Bignonia, Tanaecium, and Tynanthus (two species each), and Cuspidaria, Mansoa, Pyrostegia, Stizophyllum, and Xylophragma (one species each). The Seasonal Semideciduous Forest predominates in the region and contains 32 species. Areas of greatest diversity generally coincide with the most sampled areas, and most species were collected within Conservation Units. We provide photographs of most species, as well as maps showing the richness and occurrence of each species in the studied area. Collection gaps in the region are still significant, covering nearly half of the territory. Furthermore, three rare species are probably extinct in the region: Adenocalymma peregrinum, Bignonia decora, and Fridericia platyphylla.