Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of Reattached Fractured Tooth Fragment using Nanohybrid Flowable Composite with/without Vertical Groove: In vitro Study

Background: Traumatic dental injuries are often considered some of the most urgent and emotionally challenging cases encountered in clinical dentistry. Among these, coronal fractures of permanent incisors represent approximately 18%–22% of incidents, with a significant majority – around 96% – affecting the maxillary central incisors, primarily due to their anterior placement and vulnerability. Management of uncomplicated crown fractures typically involves either direct composite restoration or reattachment of the original fragment. In this context, nanohybrid flowable composites have shown encouraging adhesive and aesthetic characteristics. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of data on the fracture resistance of reattached teeth utilizing these materials, highlighting the need for additional research. Aim: The aim of the study was to Evaluate the Fracture Resistance of Reattached Fractured Tooth fragments using a Nanohybrid Flowable Composite with and without Vertical Grooves. Methodology: Twenty-four extracted caries-free permanent maxillary anterior were selected. Twenty-four teeth were divided into 3 groups. Fragments were made with a diamond disc (Ellis class II fracture). Vertical grooves were made on the labial surface. The fragments were reattached with a Nanohybrid Flowable Composite. Fracture resistance was tested, and the data were collected and statistically analyzed. Results: Fracture Resistance Test was done with a universal testing machine. Significant difference ( P ≤ 0.05) was seen between the three groups. Conclusion: Nanohybrid flowable composites are of great use when managing Ellis class II fractured tooth fragments with vertical grooves.